Stroke is a condition in which blood flow to the brain is interrupted or blood vessels in the brain rupture. This can lead to serious problems, including paralysis. The main causes are:
High blood pressure (Hypertension): This is the biggest cause of stroke. When blood pressure rises, the tiny blood vessels in the brain become damaged or rupture. This causes bleeding (hemorrhagic stroke).
Cholesterol and blockage in the arteries: An increase in fat (LDL) in the blood can cause plaque to form on the inner walls of the arteries (atherosclerosis). This blocks blood flow to the brain and leads to ischemic stroke.
Diabetes: Long-term uncontrolled blood sugar levels weaken the blood vessels. This increases the risk of blood clots and doubles the risk of stroke.
Heart disease: Abnormal heart rhythm (atrial fibrillation) and heart valve problems can cause blood clots in the heart. These blood clots travel through the bloodstream to the brain, blocking blood flow.
Lifestyle factors: Smoking, alcohol consumption, lack of exercise, and obesity increase the risk of stroke. The nicotine in tobacco increases blood pressure and causes blood clots.
