This is a condition in which excessive phlegm is produced in the lungs or sinuses and cannot be expelled. This causes shortness of breath and headaches. The main causes are:
Infections: Viral/bacterial infections such as colds, flu, bronchitis or pneumonia cause inflammation in the airways. To combat this, the body produces excess phlegm, which is the cause of chest congestion.
Allergies: Inhaling dust particles, pollen, pet dander and smoke can cause discomfort in the lungs and nose. The body produces phlegm to expel these substances, which can cause phlegm in the head and chest.
Sinusitis: When the air cavities (sinuses) in the bones around the forehead and eyes become infected, mucus builds up there. This causes severe headaches and heaviness around the eyes.
Asthma: People with asthma have sensitive airways. When exposed to smoke or cold, the airways narrow and thick mucus builds up. This makes it difficult to breathe.
Smoking and air pollution: The toxins in tobacco interfere with the movement of tiny hairs called ‘Cilia’ in the lungs. When these hairs, which help expel mucus, become damaged, the mucus builds up in the lungs.
