Edema is a condition in which excess fluid accumulates between the cells of the body. It can be seen only in the legs, face, or hands, or in the whole body. The main causes are:
Excessive salt intake: Excess salt (sodium) in the diet causes the body to retain more water. This increases blood pressure and causes swelling in the limbs.
Kidney and liver diseases: The kidneys remove excess fluid and waste from the body. If the kidneys function slowly, water will accumulate in the body. Similarly, a decrease in the level of protein in the blood due to liver disease (cirrhosis) can also cause edema.
Heart problems: When the heart’s ability to pump blood decreases (Heart Failure), blood accumulates in the veins and fluid leaks into the cells. This is usually first seen as swelling in the legs and ankles.
Hormonal changes: Women often experience swelling due to hormonal changes before menstruation or during pregnancy. Hypothyroidism can also cause swelling in the face and legs.
Side effects of medications:
