Swelling is usually more common in the legs, face, and hands. The main factors that lead to this are:
1. Kidney Diseases
The kidneys filter excess salt and water from the blood. When the kidneys fail, this fluid builds up in the body and causes swelling in the feet and under the eyes.
2. Heart Problems
When the heart’s pumping capacity decreases, blood does not circulate properly and fluid builds up in the veins in the legs. This mainly causes swelling in the ankles and feet.
3. Liver Cirrhosis
A protein called ‘Albumin’ produced by the liver prevents fluid from flowing out of the blood vessels. When this protein decreases due to liver disease, fluid builds up in the abdomen or legs.
4. Excessive salt intake
When there is too much salt in the diet, the body stores more water (Water Retention). This can cause swelling in various parts of the body.
5. Sitting and standing for long periods of time
Continuing to sit or stand in the same position reduces blood flow. This can cause fluid to accumulate in the feet due to gravity. This is also seen in people who travel long distances.
6. Pregnancy
Hormonal changes and increased blood flow during pregnancy can cause swelling. However, sudden swelling can be a sign of high blood pressure (Pre-eclampsia) and should be brought to the attention of a doctor.
Some tips to reduce swelling:
Reduce salt: Reducing the amount of salt in your diet will prevent water retention.
Elevate your legs: Keeping your legs slightly above the level of your heart while sitting or sleeping will improve blood flow.
Exercise: Walking can help improve muscle function and reduce swelling.
Drink water: The body will try to conserve water even when dehydrated, so drink enough water.
