Unsafe sexual intercourse: The virus can be transmitted through unprotected physical contact with HIV-infected individuals. The virus is mainly transmitted through sexual fluids.
Blood-borne transmission: The virus can be transmitted directly into the blood by sharing unsterilized needles and syringes. People who use drugs are also at risk if proper hygiene is not followed when getting tattoos or sharing shaving blades.
Blood donation: The disease can be transmitted by receiving the blood of an HIV-infected person. However, currently, all blood banks accept blood only after strict tests.
From mother to child: It is possible for an HIV-infected mother to pass the virus to her child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. However, this can be largely prevented with the right medications.
Immune system damage: The virus destroys the body’s CD4 cells. This leaves the body unable to fight off even minor infections.
