This is a condition in which excessive mucus is produced and accumulated in the airways or lungs. This causes difficulty in breathing and a persistent cough. The main causes are:
Infections: When there is a viral/bacterial infection like cold, flu, bronchitis or pneumonia, the body produces excessive mucus to fight it off. This causes the airways to swell and the mucus to clot.
Allergies: Inhaling dust particles, smoke, pollen or pet dander in the air can cause discomfort in the lungs. The body’s attempt to expel these foreign substances results in phlegm.
Asthma: In asthmatic patients, the airways are always sensitive. When exposed to cold and smoke, the airways narrow and thick mucus accumulates. This is the main cause of suffocation.
Smoking: Nicotine and other chemicals in tobacco damage the tiny hairs in the lungs called cilia. When these hairs are damaged, mucus builds up in the chest.
Acid reflux (GERD): Acid from the stomach comes up through the esophagus and can irritate the airways. To combat this, the body produces mucus. This can cause some people to experience a sore throat after eating.
