Diabetes is a condition in which the level of sugar in the blood increases gradually due to a defect in the production or action of the hormone insulin in the body. It is mainly of two types:
1. Type 1 Diabetes
This is usually more common in young people. Its causes are:
Autoimmune Reaction: The body’s immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin in the pancreas (insulin). Due to this, the body stops producing insulin completely.
Genetics: If someone in the family has this condition, there is a risk of genetics.
2. Type 2 Diabetes (Type 2 Diabetes – the most common)
This occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin, or the insulin cells that produce it do not work properly (Insulin Resistance). The main causes of this are:
Overweight and obesity: Excess body fat, especially belly fat, is a major cause of insulin resistance.
Unhealthy lifestyle: Lack of exercise and a sedentary lifestyle.
Poor diet: Consumption of fast food, excessively sweet foods, and foods high in carbohydrates.
Heredity: The risk of developing type 2 diabetes is higher if parents or siblings have it.
Age: As you age (especially after the age of 45), the function of the pancreas slows down, which increases the risk.
