Main types of diabetes and causes
Type 1 Diabetes:
Cause: This is an autoimmune condition. The body itself destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Due to this, the body does not produce any insulin.
It is most commonly seen in children and adolescents. Genetic factors and viral infections can cause this.
Type 2 Diabetes:
Cause: The body is unable to use insulin properly (Insulin Resistance). Over time, the pancreas is unable to produce the required amount of insulin.
Main factors:
Overweight: Excess fat in the body interferes with the function of insulin.
Lifestyle: Lack of exercise, prolonged sitting.
Eating habits: Excessive sweets, foods rich in carbohydrates, and processed foods.
Hereditary: People with a family history of diabetes are at higher risk.
Age: The risk increases after the age of 40.
Gestational Diabetes:
During pregnancy, some women may develop temporary diabetes due to hormonal changes. Although this may resolve after delivery, there is a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later on.
Main symptoms
Excessive thirst.
Frequent urination.
Intense hunger.
Sudden weight loss.
Fatigue, blurred vision.
Slow healing of wounds.
What can be done to control it?
Diet: Reduce sweets, bakery products, and white rice and include foods with less fiber (vegetables, whole grains).
Exercise: Walk briskly or exercise for at least 30-45 minutes every day.
Weight control: Losing weight can help control diabetes.
Regular checkup: Check blood sugar levels (FBS/PPBS/HbA1c) at regular intervals.
