Blood cancer is a group of diseases that affect the production and function of blood cells. They can be mainly classified as leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. The main causes are:
Genetic Mutations: The main cause of blood cancer is changes in the DNA structure of blood cells. This causes cells to divide uncontrollably. Sometimes inherited genes also play a role in this.
Exposure to chemicals: Long-term exposure to dangerous chemicals such as benzene can cause damage to blood cells. Such chemicals increase the risk of cancer in people who work in industrial plants.
Radiation: Exposure to high levels of X-rays and gamma rays can cause genetic changes in cells. This is also possible in people who have previously received radiotherapy as part of another cancer treatment.
Immune system disorders: Conditions that weaken the body’s immune system or certain medications taken after organ transplant surgery can increase the risk of blood cancer. Certain viral infections (such as Epstein-Barr virus) can also cause this.
Tobacco use: Smoking increases the risk of leukemia, along with many other types of cancer. The toxins in tobacco negatively affect the production of blood cells in the bone marrow.
