Swelling usually occurs as part of the body’s defense mechanism when there is an infection or injury in any part of the body. The main causes of this are as follows:
1. Arthritis
The most important cause of swelling and pain is arthritis. There are two main types of this:
Rheumatoid arthritis: A condition in which the body’s immune system attacks the joints. This causes severe swelling in the joints and morning stiffness and pain.
Osteoarthritis: As we age, the cartilage between the bones wears away, causing swelling and pain in the joints.
2. Uric acid (Gout)
When uric acid increases in the blood, it accumulates in the form of crystals in the joints. This can cause sudden severe pain and swelling. It is usually seen in the big toe.
3. Injuries and Sprains
Bruises and muscle strains caused by falls or exercise can lead to edema. Fluid builds up due to trauma to the blood vessels in that area.
4. Infections
Infections caused by bacteria or viruses can cause edema. For example, a skin infection called cellulitis causes severe redness, swelling, and pain in the affected area.
5. Vitamin D – B12 Deficiency
A deficiency in vitamin D and vitamin B12 in the body can affect the health of bones and nerves. This can lead to chronic pain and muscle swelling.
6. Kidney and heart diseases
When the kidneys or heart do not function properly, fluids in the body do not get excreted and accumulate between the cells. This usually starts as painless swelling in the legs and arms.
3 Simple Ways to Reduce Pain and Swelling:
Ice Pack: Applying ice to swelling caused by injuries can help control blood flow and reduce pain.
Turmeric Milk: The ‘curcumin’ in turmeric is a great anti-inflammatory agent. This can help reduce pain and swelling.
Rest: Giving the painful area complete rest and keeping it elevated will help reduce swelling.
